Chen Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Tree (mù) Kangxi Strokes: 8 Page 516, Entry 05 Pronounced lin. Shuowen Jiezi (Explanation of Simple and Compound Characters): Trees growing together on flat ground are called a forest. Xu Xuan explains: Because trees grow in clusters, two tree characters are used to represent this. Because they are on flat ground, the two tree characters are placed side by side. Book of Odes (Shijing), Lesser Odes of the Kingdom: Relying on those trees in the flat forest. Also refers to the wilderness as a forest. Book of Odes (Shijing), Odes of Zhou and the South: Extending into the forest. Also, trees on a mountain are called a forest. Guliang Zhuan (Guliang's Commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals), 14th Year of Duke Xi: Trees connected to the foot of a mountain form the mountain slope. Also, Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Earth Offices, Commentary on Lin Heng: Bamboo and trees are called a forest, and the official who manages the marshes is called a heng. Also, Erya (Approaching Elegance), Interpretation of Ancient Terms: Lin means to have a ruler. Also, it indicates a flourishing appearance. Book of Odes (Shijing), Lesser Odes of the Kingdom: Grand and numerous. Also, Linzhong is the name of a musical pitch. Book of Rites (Liji), Monthly Ordinances: In the last month of summer, the musical pitch corresponds to Linzhong. In the Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), it is written as Hanzhong. Also, Yulin is the name of a star constellation. Ying Shao says: In the sky, there is the Yulin star, which is the star of the Great General. Lin implies something like trees or feathers, meaning swift and fierce attack, hence it is used to name military officials. Book of Han (Hanshu), Annals of Emperor Xuan: Selecting the sons of those who died in military service to be trained as the Yulin Army, they were called the Yulin orphans. Also, Lulin is the name of a mountain in Jingzhou. Book of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu), Biography of Liu Xuan: Many fugitives gathered at Lulin Mountain. Also, a surname. Surname Register (Xingpu): The descendants of Bi Gan of the Shang dynasty fled to Changlin Mountain to avoid disaster, and thus adopted Lin as their surname. Also, descendants of Lin Kai, the heir apparent of King Ping of Zhou, originated from the Nan'an commandery. Note: According to the Shuowen Jiezi, the character Lin forms its own radical, and characters such as Fen and Chu are included under this radical, all of which are now collected here. Textual Research: Zuo Zhuan (Commentary of Zuo), 20th Year of Duke Zhuang: Perform the music of Linzhong and dance the Daxia to offer sacrifices to the mountains and rivers. I observe: This is text from the Great Director of Music (Da Si Yue) cited in the commentaries of the Zuo Zhuan, not the original text of the Zuo Zhuan itself. Moreover, the Rites of Zhou (Zhouli) writes it as Hanzhong rather than Linzhong. I have now corrected it to read: Book of Rites (Liji), Monthly Ordinances: In the last month of summer, the musical pitch corresponds to Linzhong. The Rites of Zhou (Zhouli) is written as Hanzhong.