Chou Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Earth (tǔ) 坚 Kangxi Strokes: 11 Page 232, Entry 01 Pronounced jian. Meaning solid, firm, or powerful. Book of Odes (Shijing): Firm and perfect. Book of Rites (Liji): In the final month of winter, the deep waters freeze firm. Also refers to the core division of an army, known as the central firmament. History of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu): Charging into their core troops. Also a surname. Found in the Surname Garden (Xingyuan). Also, according to the Method of Posthumous Titles (Shifa), to manifest righteousness and conceal the faults of others is called Jian. Also pronounced jin. History of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu): A local proverb states that while glue and lacquer are considered strong, they do not compare to the friendship between Lei Yi and Chen Zhong. Textual research: In the Book of Rites (Liji), the phrase regarding the final month of winter specifies the deep waters freeze firm. The text has been corrected to reflect this.