Si Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Water (shuǐ) Page 610, Entry 10 Pronounced dun (rising tone). Chaos, the state of primordial energy before the separation of heaven and earth. Also written as a variant form (húndùn). Broadly, this refers to a state without beginning, with no visible source or origin — Great Mystery Classic (Taixuanjing). It also refers to a lack of enlightenment or openness. In the Zhuangzi, the emperor of the center is named Chaos (Hundun). Note: Chaos, lacking openings or apertures. Also, Chaos is one of the four legendary monsters, identified as Huandou, originally the name of a beast. Classic of Divine Marvels (Shenyingjing) notes there is a vicious beast on Mount Kunlun named Chaos. Pronounced tun. Referring to the flow of water. In the Seven Stimuli (Qifa), the flow is described as swirling and surging, in the shape of galloping horses. Note: The appearance of waves following one another. According to the Erya, the term refers to things swirling or rotating. In The Art of War (Sunzi), it describes a formation that is swirling and rotating, making it impossible to attack. Pronounced chun. Identical to the character meaning pure. Pure or unadulterated. Pronounced dun (falling tone). Identical to the character meaning simple or foolish. The appearance of being foolish or dim-witted. Laozi, Classic of the Way and Virtue (Daodejing) says, In a state of simple ignorance. Sometimes written as this character. Pronounced zhuan. The name of a river in Jiangxia. According to the Commentary on the Classic of Waterways (Shuijingzhu), the river flows through the water of the Zhuan, reaches the mouth of the Zhuan River, leads south to the Taihu Lake of the county, and the lake water leads southeast into the Yangtze River; it is also called the Zhuan Mouth. There is also the Zhuan-yang County, which is named for being located on the north side of the Zhuan River.