Hai Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Black (hēi) Du Kangxi Stroke Count: 27 Page 1522, Entry 35 Pronounced du. In the Shuowen Jiezi (Shuowen), it means to grasp or hold grime. In the Yupian, it means to count, to be grime, to cover. In the Zheng Yun, it means muddy or to be confused. In the Book of Documents (Shujing), under the chapter on the Charge to Yue, it says: To be neglectful in sacrifices is what is called a lack of reverence. In the History of the Former Han (Qianhan Shu), in the biography of Mei Gao, it mentions being overly familiar with the favored. Yan Shigu comments: This means to be dirty or muddy. According to the commentary by Jia Kui on the Discourses of the States (Guoyu), it means to be overly familiar. In the Guangya, it means to be intimate or to take liberties with. In the Yupian, it means black. In the Zhengzitong, it describes a dark appearance. In Zuo Si’s Rhapsody on the Capital of Wu (Wudu Fu), it says: The forest trees are dampened and darkened by it.