Si Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Fire (huǒ) 燭 Kangxi strokes: 17 Page 670, Entry 01 Pronounced zhǔ. According to the Shuo Wen Jiezi (Shuo wen), a torch used for illumination in a courtyard. According to the Guang Yun (Guangyun), a lamp or candle. According to the Book of Rites (Liji), when a candle is brought to one, one must stand to show respect. According to the Rites of Zhou (Zhou li), it is used to provide pure grain and bright candle flames for sacrificial offerings. Also, to shine or illuminate. According to the History of the Former Han (Qian Han shu), wherever the sun and moon shine, all things submit. According to the Erya, a season in harmony is called a jade candle. Commentary: Moral brilliance shining universally. According to the Book of Liang (Liang shu), an era of great peace is as smooth and radiant as fine jade, which is worthy of discussion. According to the Songs of Chu (Chu ci), if the sun has not yet risen, how does the candle dragon emit light? Also, the name of a star. According to the Records of the Grand Historian (Shi ji), the candle star is shaped like Venus; it remains stationary, appearing and disappearing, resembling a star yet not a star, a cloud yet not a cloud, and is called the Returning Evil. When the Returning Evil appears, it signifies a country returning to allegiance. In the fourth year of the Yuanfeng reign of the Han dynasty, the candle star appeared between the Kuisu and Lousu constellations. Also, Southern Heavenly Candle, the name of a medicinal herb. The red variety is called patterned candle. It is a tree but resembles grass, thus it is also called the Southern Candle grass. Also, stone candle, also known as water fertilizer, stone fat, or stone liquid. Also, a surname. According to the Zuo Commentary (Zuo zhuan), if Zhu Zhiwu is sent to meet the ruler of Qin, the army will certainly retreat. Also, pronounced in the departing tone. According to the History of the Former Han (Qian Han shu), light gathered at the cloud altar, shining three times in one night. Commentary: Fu Qian says the pronunciation is the same as the word for a lamp wick. Yan Shigu reads it as its original pronunciation. According to the Tang Yun Zheng (Tang yun zheng), the pronunciation is zhu. According to Zhang Heng's Eastern Capital Rhapsody (Dong jing fu), benevolence covers like the sky, shining brilliantly, making the three kings seem constrained as one surpasses the five emperors. According to the Tang Yun Zheng (Tang yun zheng), there was the Kezhuhun clan during the Later Wei dynasty, also written in the variant forms Kezuhun or Kezhuhun. Textual research: In the History of the Former Han (Qian Han shu), the text mentions light gathered at the cloud altar. Note: The original text has been corrected from cloud sandalwood to cloud altar.