Mao Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Heart (xīn) Strokes: 15 Page 377, Entry 22 Collected Rimes (Jiyun) states: pronounced you (falling tone). Jade Chapters (Yupian) states: heart in movement. According to the Analytical Dictionary of Characters (Shuowen) and the Collected Rimes, it is defined as not moving, but only the Jade Chapters defines it as heart in movement. Composed of Heart and You. It appears the Jade Chapters is correct. Ancient form of you. Tang Rhymes (Tangyun), Collected Rimes (Jiyun), and Rhyme Compendium (Yunhui) state: pronounced you (rising tone). Correct Rimes (Zhengyun) states: pronounced you (rising tone). Originally written as a variant form. Now written as you. Analytical Dictionary of Characters (Shuowen): to be anxious. Literary Expositor (Erya), Explanation of Words: to think. Commentary: The anxious one is one who feels sorrowful thought. Book of Documents (Shangshu), Great Plan (Hongfan): Among the six extremes, the third is called anxiety. Also means illness. Book of Rites (Liji), Summary of Rules (Quli): I have the anxiety of carrying firewood. Commentary: Anxiety can also mean illness. Also means hidden. Book of Changes (Yijing), Qian Hexagram: In anxiety, one acts contrary to the situation. Commentary: Refers to when the time is appropriate for hiding and seclusion. Also means disgrace. Book of Changes (Yijing), Appended Remarks (Xici): The way of the inferior man is anxiety. Also, to be in mourning is called anxiety. Book of Documents (Shangshu), Charge to Yue (Shuoming): The king dwells in mourning. Also, pregnancy illness is called anxiety. Discourses of the States (Guoyu): King Wen did not have anxiety while in his mother's womb. Also, when a person is anxious, the head hangs low. Book of Rites (Liji), Summary of Rules (Quli): To be lower than the belt is to show anxiety. Commentary: Anxiety means to hang low. Also, hidden anxiety is called xu-anxiety. Book of Odes (Shijing), Minor Odes (Xiaoya): Hidden anxiety brings pain. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Spring Officials, Grand Master: To use sorrowful rites to mourn the anxieties of the state. Also, a surname. From Garden of Surnames (Xingyuan). Rhyme Compendium (Yunhui) states: pronounced ou. Meaning is the same. Collected Rimes (Jiyun) writes it as a variant form. Collected Rimes (Jiyun) and Rhyme Compendium (Yunhui) state: pronounced you (falling tone). Collected Rimes (Jiyun) states: to worry. Preface to the Book of Odes: The hundred surnames see anxiety. Xu Miao reads it as such. Also, rhyming with xi, pronounced yi (level tone). Forest of Changes (Yilin): Not seeing Uncle Ji makes my heart feel anxious. Also, rhyming with xu, pronounced yu (level tone). Forest of Changes (Yilin): Coming and going, resting in peace, dwelling in safety without anxiety. Yellow Court Scripture (Huangtingjing): The joy of the three spirits comes from living in seclusion, wandering swiftly without lingering anxiety. Also, rhyming with yao, pronounced yao (level tone). Three Strategies (Sanlue): A scholar can be humbled but cannot be treated with arrogance; a general can be pleased but cannot be treated with anxiety. Also, rhyming with xiao, pronounced yao (falling tone). Book of Odes (Shijing), Odes of Wang: At the beginning of my life, there was no construction. After I was born, I encountered these hundred anxieties. Also, Odes of Tang: The waters of the Yang overflow; white stones are bright and shining. Plain clothes and red embroidery; following you to the target. Having seen the gentleman, how can I be anxious? (Hao, pronounced hao). Also, rhyming with jiu, pronounced you (falling tone). Discourses of the States (Guoyu): The decline of the Shang dynasty had its inscription, which said: A humble virtue is not enough to approach. Do not be prideful, for it only brings anxiety. A humble meal is not enough to be accustomed to. One cannot be the grease, for it only brings disaster. Collected Rimes (Jiyun) states: Originally written as a variant form, sometimes written as a variant form. Analytical Dictionary of Characters (Shuowen): Composed of Heart and Ye. Ye means head. When the heart is anxious, the hair turns white. Dictionary Supplement (Zihui Bu): Also synonymous with the previous character. The Analytical Dictionary of Characters (Shuowen) says it is the path of harmony. Quoting the Book of Odes (Shijing): Governing with harmony. Later generations used the character for sorrow, thus the character for harmony was lost, gradually losing the original meaning of the six categories of writing.