Zi Collection, Middle Volume. Radical: Person (rén). Yi. Kangxi stroke count: 15. Page 118, Number 21. According to the Tang Rhymes (Tangyun), the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), and the Rhyme Conspectus (Yunhui), the pronunciation is yí. The Two Forms (Liangyi) refers to Heaven and Earth. The Three Forms (Sanyi) refers to Heaven, Earth, and Man. It also refers to demeanor and appearance. The Book of Odes (Shijing) mentions that his demeanor has no error. It also refers to a dignified appearance. The Book of Odes states that a dignified appearance is calm and composed, and must not be treated with disrespect or offense. According to the Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Ministry of the Earth (Diguan), Baoshi official, it mentions teaching the sons of high officials six kinds of rituals: first, sacrificial rituals; second, guest reception rituals; third, court rituals; fourth, funeral rituals; fifth, military rituals; and sixth, the etiquette of driving carriages. In the Spring Offices (Chunguan), Dianming official section, it mentions managing the ceremonial systems for the five ranks of nobility. The note specifies this refers to the ranks of Duke, Marquis, Count, Viscount, and Baron. In the Autumn Offices (Qiuguan), Siyi official section, it mentions managing guest protocols for the nine ceremonial systems to instruct on the proper measure of appearance, speech, and bowing. In the Tang Dynasty, the head of the Ministry of Rites was called the Dayi. According to the Explanation of Names (Shiming), it means propriety (yí), referring to acting properly and suitably. Youyi is the title of a musical poem in the Minor Odes section of the Book of Odes. The Preface states that Youyi means all things grow and each attains its proper state. It also refers to standards or principles. The Book of Odes says to imitate King Wen. According to the Erya, Shigu section, it means to match. The commentary notes that in the Odes of Yong section of the Book of Odes, the word yi in the phrase truly my match carries this meaning. The Discourses of the States (Guoyu) says Dan Zhu relied on his own character to match it. According to the Tongya, it means a pair (ǒu), referring to two things coordinating. It also means to estimate or consider. The Book of Odes says I estimate and consider it. According to the Dialects (Fangyan) by Yangzi, it means to come (lái). In the Huai and Ying River regions, the act of coming is called yi. Yili is the name of a city in the Zhou Dynasty, mentioned in the Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan) in the seventh year of Duke Ding. It is also a surname. The State of Qin had an official named Yi Chu, and the Han Dynasty had Yi Changru. It is interchangeable with the character nǐ. The History of the Former Han (Qianhan Shu), Biographies of the External Relatives (Waiqi Zhuan), states that all were inwardly inclined toward the daughter of General Huo. The note explains that heart's inclination (xinyi) means heart's aspiration (xinni). In the Rhyme Supplement (Yunbu), there is a rhyme variant pronounced similarly to é. The Canon of Supreme Mystery (Taixuanjing) by Yangzi states that Yang energy is widely spread without bias, all things are without contention or litigation, and each follows its own standard. The original character is written as yí. Research notes: Regarding the musical poem Youyi, the commentary states that it means all things grow and each attains its proper state. Note that this is the text of the Preface to the Odes, although the commentary text slightly altered the wording of the original preface. In the Discourses of the States, the phrase regarding Dan Zhu has been corrected by changing fèn shēn to píng shēn, meaning to rely on oneself, according to the original text.