Wei Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Ear (ěr) Wen; Kangxi strokes: 14; Page 968, Entry 11 Ancient form. Tang Rhyme (Tangyun) and Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) state pronunciation is wen. Shuowen Jiezi states: to know, to hear. Book of Documents (Shujing), Yao Canon: The Emperor said: Hmm, what have I heard? Book of Rites (Liji), Lesser Rules of Deportment (Shaoyi): To hear about someone meeting a noble person for the first time. Sub-commentary: This refers to the record keeper who does not dare to formulate rites arbitrarily, but relies on handed-down ancient accounts, hence this phrasing. Also, Book of Rites (Liji), Jade Pattern (Yuzao): Whenever facing a superior, if one has an offering to present, one dares not let it be known. Book of Han (Hanshu), Annals of Emperor Wu: To recommend officials and commoners capable of lending to the poor and report their names so that the Emperor may know. Also, a surname. Orthography Mastery (Zhengzitong): Wen Jian was a jinshi degree holder during the Xianping era of the Song Dynasty. Wen Yuan was a Minister during the Ming Dynasty. Also, Wenren, a double-character surname. Book of Later Han (Houhanshu), Annals of Emperor Ling: Grand Carriage Maker Wenren Xi from Pei State served as Grand Marshal. Commentary: The surname is Wenren, personal name Xi. The Comprehensive Customs (Fengsutong) states: Shaozheng Mao was a person of renown in the State of Lu, and his descendants took this as their clan name. Also, the name of a beast. Classic of Mountains and Seas (Shanhaijing): On Yao Mountain there is a beast; its shape is like a pig, with a yellow body, white head, and white tail. Its name is Wen. When it appears, a great wind will blow across the world. Also, Guangyun states pronunciation is wen (falling tone). Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), Rhyme Meetings (Yunhui), and Orthodox Rhymes (Zhengyun) state pronunciation is wen (falling tone). Rhyme Meetings (Yunhui): The range to which a sound carries. Book of Odes (Shijing), Lesser Odes of the Kingdom (Xiaoya): The sound reaches up to the heavens. Book of Documents (Shujing), Marquis of Lu on Punishments (Lvxing): The scent emitted is only the smell of raw meat. Explanation of Text (Shiwen): Wen is pronounced as wen, and is also read like the character itself. Also, Guangyun: Fame and reputation. Book of Documents (Shujing), Charge to Weizi (Weizi zhiming): You have fulfilled and followed the governing path of the former kings and long ago possessed a fine reputation. Book of Odes (Shijing), Greater Odes of the Kingdom (Daya): Fine reputation, fine renown. Zhu Xi Commentary: Lingwen means good reputation. Also, commonly used interchangeably with the character wen (ask). Book of Han (Hanshu), Biography of Kuang Heng: A fine reputation spread beyond the borders. Also, Rhyme Supplement (Yunbu): Rhymes with mian. Songs of Chu (Chuci), Nine Declarations (Jiuzhang): The isolated minister groans and wipes away tears; the exiled son departs and does not return. Who can be anxious without feeling pain? Understanding the loyal and upright path known to Pengxian. Also pronounced as xuan.