Xu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Metal (jīn) Ding Kangxi strokes: 15 Page 1307, Entry 04 Tang Rhyme (Tangyun) states: pronounced ting (rising tone). Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) and Rhyme Anthology (Yunhui) state: pronounced ting (rising tone). Shuowen Jiezi states: refers to raw copper or iron ore that has not been smelted. The character is composed of the radical for metal and the phonetic component for court. Guangyun states: refers to a gold ingot. History of the Southern Dynasties (Nan Shi), Biography of Prince Luling of Liang, records: Prince Xiao Ying was not intelligent; seeing the gold ingots in the inner treasury, he asked his attendants if they were edible. It also refers to the metal part at the base of an arrowhead. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Winter Official, Record of Trades (Kaogongji), records: the metal workers made killing arrows with a blade one inch long and a circumference of one inch, with the metal base being ten times that length. Commentary states: refers to the part of the arrowhead base that is inserted into the shaft. Explanation of Texts (Shiwen) states: Ding, pronounced ting (third tone). Also, Extensive Eulogies (Boya) defines it as exhausted or empty. Pronunciation Explanation states: Ding, pronounced kui (rising tone). Yang Xiong's Dialects (Fangyan) states: when objects are completely empty, it is called ding. Ding also means to bestow. Also: Ding means empty. This is a shift in pronunciation. Also: Zhang Xie's Seven Inspirations (Qi Ming) mentions: the copper and iron produced in Yexi, the essence nurtured by the Red Mountain. Commentary states: Ding refers to copper and iron. Also, Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) states: pronounced ting (rising tone), same sound as the character for a strip of dried meat. Broad Refinement (Guangya) states: the character for a metal iron tool is the same as ding. Also, Zuo Tradition (Zuozhuan), 17th Year of Duke Wen, mentions: being pressed into a situation where one must run recklessly, how can one still choose in an emergency? Commentary states: Ding describes the appearance of running very rapidly. Explanation of Texts (Shiwen) states: Ding, pronounced ting (rising tone).