Wei Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Meat (ròu) Page 973, Entry 01 Archaic form: An ancient character for meat. Pronounced niu (falling tone). Shuowen Jiezi (Explanation of Characters): A large piece of meat; it is a pictograph. In this book, it is written as meat. Book of Changes (Yijing), Hexagram Shihe: To eat dried meat. Book of Rites (Liji), Kongzi Xianju: A cup of wine and a dish of meat. Zuo Zhuan, 10th Year of Duke Zhuang: Those who eat meat have shallow insight. Guanzi, Chapter on Water and Earth: When the five viscera are complete, muscles and flesh are formed. Also: The heart produces the muscles. When the five types of muscles are complete, they develop into the nine orifices. Also: Zhengzitong: Birds are referred to as flying meat. Yangzi, Taixuanjing: Using pearls to shoot at flying birds, what is obtained cannot be restored. Also: Corporal punishment. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Annals of Emperor Xiaowen: The law provides for three types of corporal punishment. Commentary: Tattooing the face and cutting off the nose are two types; cutting off the left and right toes constitutes one type, totaling three. Also: A name for divine fungi. Baopuzi, Chapter on Immortal Medicines: The five fungi consist of stone fungus, wood fungus, grass fungus, and meat fungus. Also: Shi Rou, the name of a beast. See Shanhaijing, Guo Pu’s commentary: Shi Rou has a shape like an ox liver and possesses two eyes; eating it does not exhaust it, for it soon grows back as before. Also: Tu Rou, which grows in the sea. It is black in color, five inches long, about the size of a child's arm, has a belly, no mouth or ears, and many feet; it can be roasted and eaten. Bencao (Compendium of Materia Medica): Li Shizhen says: This belongs to the category of insects and fish, and is of the same class as the earth spirit called Feng. Guo Pu, River Rhapsody: Earth meat and stone flowers. Also: Bencao: When a person has sores on the top of their head, colorful and like cherries, if they break, they split from the crown and peel off down to the feet; this is called a meat person. Xia Ziyi, Strange Disease Prescriptions: Frequently drinking milk will cause it to disappear. Also: Shiming: Meat means soft. Also: Pronounced rou (falling tone). The solid part of a coin or a jade disc. Erya, Shiqi: When the edge is twice as large as the hole, it is called a Bi. Commentary: Rou refers to the edge; Hao refers to the hole. Shiwen: Read with its standard sound. Also read like the sound of shou. Also: The body of a weight. Book of Han (Hanshu), Treatise on Harmonics and Calendars: Formed into a round circle so that the edge is twice as large as the hole. Commentary: The shape of the weight is like a ring; the solid part is called rou, and the hole is called hao. Also: Plump and full. Book of Rites (Liji), Yueji: Make the twists and turns of the music plain or complex, simple or elaborate, clear and abundant, with changing rhythms, and it will be sufficient to move the good hearts of men. Sub-commentary: Rou refers to being plump and full. Also: Broad, abundant, and潤, with smooth and harmonious music rising, the people will be benevolent. Commentary: Plump and thick. Shiwen: Pronounced er-jiu (falling tone). Also: Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Treatise on Music: Broad, abundant, and rich. Commentary: Rou-hao refers to a sound that is loud and beautiful. Also: Pronounced ru (rising tone). Muscles and flesh. Also: Pronounced rou (rising tone). The edge. Also: Zhengzitong: Sound of yu. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Earth Officers, Grand Minister of Instruction: The people there have full muscles and are short in stature. Liu Changzong reads it this way.