Zi Collection, Middle Volume. Radical: Person (rén). Ren. Kangxi strokes: 6. Page: Page 94, Number 24. According to the Tang Rhymes (Tangyun), the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), and the Rhyme Assembly (Yunhui), the pronunciation is a combination of r- and -in. According to the Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun), it is a combination of r- and -en, sounding like rén. It means sincere and loyal. The Book of Odes (Shijing), Odes of Bei: The middle sister is indeed sincere. Zheng’s Commentary (Zheng Jian): Relying on each other through affection is called rèn. Also, according to the Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Offices of Earth (Diguan): The duty of the Minister of Education involves using the three items of local schooling to educate the people and select the virtuous. The second item consists of the six conducts, which are filial piety, brotherly love, harmony, marital kinship, trust, and compassion. Note: Rèn refers to being faithful in the way of friendship. Also, according to the Broad Rhymes (Guangyun): To be able to bear or endure. Wang Can’s Rhapsody on Ascending the Tower (Denglou Fu): With a longing heart, I yearn for home; who can endure such melancholy thoughts? Note: This means who can bear such grief. Also, to take on or handle. The Commentary of Zuo (Zuozhuan), Fifteenth Year of Duke Xi: The anger of the masses is difficult to handle. Also, to carry on the back or shoulder. Book of Odes, Minor Odes (Xiaoya): I carry on my back and I pull the cart. Record of Ritual (Liji), Royal Regulations (Wangzhi): Light burdens are combined for one person to carry, and heavy burdens are divided for two people to carry. Note: Combined refers to carrying it alone, while divided refers to splitting it into two parts. Also a surname. Da Ren was the mother of King Wen of Zhou. It is also the surname of the state of Xue. Commentary of Zuo, Eleventh Year of Duke Yin: One dare not stand equal with the states of the Rèn surname. The Correct Meaning (Zhengyi): The ten states of Xie, Zhang, Xue, Shu, Lü, Zhu, Zhong, Quan, Bi, and Guo are all of the Rèn surname. Also, according to the Collected Rhymes, Rhyme Assembly, and Correct Rhymes, when pronounced in the departing tone (qùshēng), it means to be competent or to employ. Also, a responsibility or duty. The Analects (Lunyu): To take benevolence as one's own responsibility. Also, matters or affairs. Rites of Zhou, Offices of Summer (Xiaguan): Distributing tributes and duties, and employing the states according to their abilities. Note: Arranging affairs based on what they are capable of handling. Also the same as the characters for pregnancy, rèn or rèn. Annotations to the Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of Zou Yang: King Zhou of Shang cut open pregnant women to inspect the fetuses. Also, in medical texts (Fangshu): The Governing Vessel (Dumai) belongs to the yang channels and runs up the spine to the nose. The Conception Vessel (Renmai) belongs to the yin channels and runs up the diaphragm to the throat. When a woman reaches twenty, and the Conception Vessel is clear, she can bear children. Also, according to the Book of Documents (Shu), Canon of Shun (Shundian): And distance yourself from the glib and fawning. Note: This refers to rejecting those who use clever words and flattery. It was originally written as the character rén, the same as the rén in "clever words and great flattery." It was mistakenly written as rèn. Textual Research: Regarding the Rhapsody on Ascending the Tower by Wang Can, "With a longing heart, I yearn for home; who can endure such melancholy thoughts?" The word ér has been corrected to zhī according to the original text.