Wu Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Grain (hé) Kangxi Strokes: 10 Page 851, Entry 30 Ancient form. According to the Tang Rhyme (Tangyun) and the Expanded Rhyme (Guangyun), it is pronounced qin. According to the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), the Classified Writings (Leipian), the Rhyme Assembly (Yunhui), and the Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun), it is pronounced qin. Name of a state. Shuowen Jiezi states: A state enfeoffed to the descendants of Boyi. The land is suitable for grain. Commentary on the Qin Wind (Qinfeng) section of the Book of Odes (Shijing), concerning the poem Vehicle Neighbors (Che lin): Qin is the name of a valley in Longxi. It is located northeast of Bird-Rat Mountain (Niaoshushan) in Yong Province. Sub-commentary states: Today, Qin Pavilion is the location of Qin Valley. Rhyme Assembly (Yunhui) states: The state of Qin during the Spring and Autumn period. The Han dynasty established Tianshui Commandery, and the later Wei dynasty renamed it Qin Prefecture. Explanations of Names (Shiming) states: Qin means a ford. The land is fertile and moist, like a ford. Also, the Three Qins. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of Xiang Yu: The Guanzhong region was divided into three, and the surrendered generals of Qin were made kings: Zhang Han as King of Yong, Sima Xin as King of Sai, and Dong Yi as King of Zhai; these were the Three Qins. Also, the Da Qin state. Book of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu), Biography of the Western Regions: Da Qin is located west of the sea, also known as the Haixi state. Its people are tall, large, and upright, similar to those of the Middle Kingdom, hence it is called Da Qin. Also a surname. The Qin lineage descends from Zhuanxu. After Ziying perished, his collateral branches adopted Qin as their surname. Also, according to the Shuowen Jiezi, it is also a name for grain. Also rhymes with qiang. Forest of Changes (Yilin): Jade disks and zhang-scepters, holding gifts before the king. Baili and Ning Yue, responded to the summons of Qi and Qin.