You Collection, Middle Volume. Radical: Shell (bèi). Pín. Kangxi stroke count: 11. Page 1205, Entry 10. Ancient form. Pronounced pín. According to the Analytical Dictionary of Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it refers to the division or lack of wealth. In the Erya, a dictionary of synonymous terms, it is noted that ju (being destitute) means poverty, described as being poor and humble. The commentary explains this as having no wealth. In the Book of Documents (Shangshu), specifically the Great Plan (Hongfan) chapter, the fourth of the six extremities is listed as poverty. The commentary states this refers to being distressed by a lack of funds. In the Book of Odes (Shijing), in the Odes of Bei (Beifeng) section, it states, "Always destitute and poor." In the Discourses of the States (Guoyu), in the Jinyu section, it is recorded that Han Xuanzi worried about his poverty, but Shuxiang congratulated him. Furthermore, according to the Supplement to the Rhyme Dictionary (Yunbu), it also rhymes with the sound pian. In Ouyang Xiu's poem Sending off Registrar Wei, it says, A scholar wishing to uphold his principles is seen in his lowly poverty. How else to console our separation than to present you with a short poem.