Chou Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Woman (nǚ) Pin Kangxi strokes: 17 Page 272, Entry 37 Ancient form: pin (variant form) Pronounced bin Pronounced bin Classic of Poetry (Erya), Explanation of Kinship: Refers to a wife. Discussing Writing (Shuowen): Refers to serving. Book of Documents (Shujing), Canon of Yao: He sent down his two daughters to the bend of the Gui River, to act as wives to the lord of Yu. Book of Odes (Shijing), Greater Odes: Coming to be married in Zhou, described as becoming a wife in the capital. Also, Book of Rites (Liji), Summary of the Rules of Propriety: When living, one is called a wife; when dead, one is called a pin. Annotation: Pin is an honorable title for a woman. After a wife dies, her husband uses an honorable term to refer to her; thus, she is called a pin. Also, feipin (imperial concubines) are female court officials. Book of Rites (Liji), Meaning of Marriage: In ancient times, below the queen, the Son of Heaven established the six palaces, consisting of three ladies, nine pin, twenty-seven noble ladies, and eighty-one imperial wives. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Officers of Heaven: The nine pin are responsible for managing the education of female etiquette and laws, teaching the nine imperial wives, each directing their own subordinates, and attending the king at regulated times. Correctness of Characters (Zhengzitong): The nine pin mentioned in the Book of Rites do not include titles such as Zhaorong. The Dictionary of Characters (Zihui) mistakenly lists titles like Zhaorong, Zhaoyi, Zhaoyuan, Xiurong, Xiuyi, Xiuyuan, Kerong, Keyi, and Keyuan under the entry for nine pin. Also, an immortal named Yupin, who is the Perfected Person of Nine Florescences, as seen in Biographies of Immortals (Liexian Zhuan). Also, pinran, describing a numerous appearance. History of the Former Han (Qianhan Shu), Biography of Wang Mang: To gather and restore those who had severed connections with their kin, to support the decaying and deposed families, so that those able to stand shoulder to shoulder and become people again were arranged in numerous rows.