You Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Speech (yán) Kangxi stroke count: 18 Page 1177, Entry 02 Pronounced miu (falling tone). According to the Tang Rhyme (Tangyun) and Correct Rhyme (Zhengyun), and also the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) and Rhyme Anthology (Yunhui), the pronunciation is the same as the character miu (falling tone). Explanation of Graphs and Analysis of Characters (Shuowen): Refers to the incoherent speech of a deranged person. Explanatory Dictionary (Boya): Means error or deception. Jade Chapter (Yupian): Means confusion or fraud. Extended Rhymes (Guangyun): Means mistake. Classic of History (Shujing), Jiongming: Correct faults and errors, and rectify their crooked and evil hearts. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of Li Si: Caused his teachings to be erroneous, and disparaged his words. History of the Former Han (Qianhan), Biography of Sima Qian: Starting with a difference of a hair, the result will be off by a thousand miles. Chronicles of Shu (Shuzhi), Biography of Xiang Lang: Personally proofread books to rectify errors. Also used as a surname. History of the Former Han (Qianhan), Biographies of Confucian Scholars: Miusheng was a disciple of Master Shen. Identical to the character miu (falling tone). Also used as a phonetic loan for the character miu (rising tone). Book of Rites (Liji), Great Record: If one thing is amiss. Commentary: The term pi-miu is like saying error. Also written in a variant form. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of Sima Xiangru: The Magistrate of Linqiong feigned respect. Also rhymes with mou (rising tone). Han Yu, Memorial for Lady Zheng of Fang Shijun: With virtue and harmony, upright conduct, illustrious and generous, one should naturally have long life and wealth; why then is there now this error? Four days before the winter solstice in the Yongzhen era, temporarily staying at this grave, which is not his burial mound. Also rhymes with miao (falling tone). Lu Ji, Performed Linked Pearls: Actions follow fixed regulations, and celestial phenomena can still be observed; responses have no constant rule, and the human heart is sometimes difficult to illuminate. Therefore, observing sun shadows to calculate dates, the full number of days can be predicted; placing a hand on the chest to investigate the inner mind, yet sometimes errors will appear. Explanation of Graphs and Analysis of Characters (Shuowen): The original character is written as miu. Collected Rhymes (Jiyun): Sometimes written as xiao.