Wu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Jade (yù) Liu Kangxi strokes: 15 Page 739, Entry 12 Pronounced liu (rising tone). As defined in the Treatise on Etymology (Shuowen): Jade. An ornament for a ceremonial cap. In the Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun): It is also written as the variant form (liu). Also refers to the pendants hanging from a banner. In the Book of Song (Songshu), Treatise on Rituals: The carriage of the emperor is drawn by four horses, with a banner featuring nine pendants. In the Comprehensive Dictionary of Jade (Yupian): Refers to beautiful metal. Also written as the variant form (qiu).