Xu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Gate (mén) 闊 Kangxi strokes: 17 Page 1338, Entry 30 Broad Rhymes (Guangyun) and Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun): Pronounced kuo. Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) and Rhyme Compendium (Yunhui): Pronounced kuo. Explanation: Distant, wide, or separated. According to the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen): Sparse. Also defined as far. According to the Approaching Elegance (Erya), in the section Explaining Gu: Kuo means far. According to Broad Rhymes (Guangyun): Wide. According to Rhyme Compendium (Yunhui): Kuo means arduous or bitter. Book of Odes (Shijing), Odes of Bei: In life and in death, we are separated. The Commentary states: Separated refers to hardship and bitterness. Also means lenient. From the History of the Former Han (Qianhan), Biography of Wang Mang: To relax the taxation. The Annotation states: Kuo means lenient. Also means estranged. Book of Odes (Shijing), Odes of Bei: Alas, we are now estranged. The Commentary states: Alas, these soldiers today are estranged from me. Also means negligent. From the History of the Later Han (Houhan), Biography of Ma Rong: When the Han founder wielded his sword, warriors arose. The laws and orders were generous, and the literary rituals were negligent. Also means impractical. From the History of the Later Han (Houhan), Treatise on Rites and Music: By the Yuanfeng era, it was impractical and inaccurate. According to Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun): Referring to those who have not seen each other for a long time as being distant. From the History of the Later Han (Houhan), Biography of Zhuge Feng: Why have you been so distant lately? According to Collected Rhymes (Jiyun): Pronounced kuo. The meaning is the same. According to Rhyme Supplement (Yunbu): Rhymes with que. From Cheng Gongsuis Heaven and Earth Rhapsody: How could this matter have proof, or will the speaker be speaking of illusions? How difficult it is to fathom Yin and Yang, how magnificent are the expansive reaches of heaven and earth. Textual Research: Book of Odes, Odes of Wei: In life and in death, we are separated. Corrected according to the original text from Odes of Wei to Odes of Bei. Book of Odes, Odes of Wei: Alas, we are now estranged. Corrected according to the original text from Odes of Wei to Odes of Bei.