Hai Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Bird (niǎo) Character: Jiao Kangxi strokes: 23 Page 1501, Entry 01 Broad Rhymes (Guangyun) says it is pronounced jiao. Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) says it is pronounced jiao. Rhyme Meeting (Yunhui) says it is pronounced jiao. Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun) says it is pronounced jiao. It is pronounced the same as jiao. Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi) defines it as a long-tailed wild pheasant that is good at running and calling. In Literary Expositor (Erya), it is called jiao pheasant. Guo Pu comments that it is the jiao chicken. Book of Odes (Shijing) contains the line: There are those that gather, which are the jiao. Classic of Mountains and Seas (Shanhaijing) records: On Mount Nuji, there are many white jiao among the birds. Lu Ji’s Commentary on the Plants, Trees, Birds, Animals, Insects, and Fish in the Mao Odes (Maoshi Caomu Niaoshou Chongyu Shu) describes it: The jiao is slightly smaller than the di pheasant; it calls while running, making a sound like jiao jiao. Its tail is very long, and its meat is delicious. The Treatise on Animals (Piya), citing Xue Zong, states: A vigorous pheasant is called a jiao, and its tail reaches six feet in length. Treatise on Characters (Zishuo) mentions: When it calls, its head and tail both arch high. Book of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu) records: Leng Shouguang once bent his neck like a jiao bird resting. Also, Tang Rhymes (Tangyun) says it is pronounced qiao. Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) says it is pronounced qiao. It is pronounced the same as qiao. The meaning is the same.