Xu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Metal (jīn) Character: Jiao Kangxi strokes: 20 Page 1322, Entry 05 Tang Rhymes (Tangyun): Pronounced xiao. Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), Rhyme Compilation (Yunhui), Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun): Pronounced jiao. Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen): Jiao is a dipper. Broad Rhymes (Guangyun): A heating vessel with three legs and a handle. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Heavens Officials, Commentary on Yu Ren: To cook it in a jiao vessel, placing it before the offerings. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of General Li, Commentary on the diaodou (a type of military gong): A bronze jiao vessel that holds one dou (a unit of measure), used for cooking rice during the day and struck while held during the night, known as a diaodou. Also, according to the Illustrations of Antiquities (Bogutu): The Han dynasty bear-foot jiao dipper is four inches and eight tenths high, three inches and two tenths deep, with a mouth diameter of two inches and three tenths, holding one sheng and four and a half he (units of measure), weighing one jin and ten liang, with a spout, a handle, and three legs, the spout cover and handle often feature animal imagery, and the legs are adorned with bears. The dragon-headed jiao dipper is seven inches and eight tenths high, two inches and three tenths deep, with a mouth diameter of four inches and three tenths, holding three sheng, weighing three jin and one liang, with ears, a spout, and a handle, the head adorned with a dragon, all made of bronze. Zhao Xiangzi sent men to carry the dipper to feed the artisans. In ancient times, people carried food with a dipper, and because this has a handle and a spout, one knows it is a vessel for serving thick soup. Corrected Characters (Zhengzitong): Based on this account, it differs slightly from the cooking jiao mentioned in the commentary to the Rites of Zhou. However, judging by the shape, the jiao dipper and the military jiao dipper share the same name but are different in nature. The Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters provides a general definition for the jiao dipper. Mr. Xu erroneously cited the Records of the Grand Historian, stating the jiao vessel holds two sheng and is used for cooking by day and striking by night; these are all incorrect. Collected Rhymes (Jiyun): Interchangeable with the character jiao. Also, Broad Rhymes (Guangyun): Pronounced qiao. Collected Rhymes (Jiyun): Pronounced qiao. A heating vessel. Shaped like a yao (a small jar). Also, Five Sounds Collected Rhymes (Wuyin Jiyun): Pronounced qiu. A type of cauldron.