You Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Speech (yán) Gou Kangxi Strokes: 12 Page 1152, Entry 29 Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi): Same as the character for revile (gou). Zuo Tradition (Zuozhuan), Seventeenth Year of Duke Xiang: The people of Chongqiu closed the gates and reviled him. Note: This means to scold. Also, Twentieth Year of Duke Zhao: Duke Yuan of Song said: I cannot endure this disgrace. Note: This means shame. Book of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu), Biography of Cui Yin: Some endure humiliation in order to seek advancement. Note: This means to insult. Also, Five Books on Phonology (Yinxue Wushu): The ancient pronunciation is gou. Citing the Book of Great Mystery (Taixuanjing), explaining the seventh stage: Dignified without being insulted, washing away those revilements. Note: Although scolded in anger, one is skilled at self-consolation, just as if washing away filth.