Yin Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Child (zǐ) Kangxi strokes: 12 Page 280, Entry 08 Broad Rimes (Guangyun): Pronounced chán Collected Rimes (Jiyun), Collection of Rimes (Yunhui), Correct Rimes (Zhengyun): Pronounced chán According to the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen), it means to be crowded or narrow. The character is composed of the graph for weak (zhuǎn) under the graph for corpse (shī). One source suggests it refers to moaning. Comprehensive Collection (Yupian): Weak. Broad Rimes (Guangyun): Inferior. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of Zhang Er: Zhao minister Guan Gao said, Our great king is a weak king. Commentary: Meng Kang states that people of Jizhou refer to weakness as chan. Also, according to Collected Rimes (Jiyun): Pronounced jián. It means narrow. Also: Pronounced jiān. It means to be in a difficult, constrained, or uneasy state. Contemporary colloquial language uses the term chan-cu. Also, according to Comprehensive Collection (Yupian) and Collected Rimes (Jiyun): Pronounced zhàn. Chanling, an ancient place name. History of the Former Han (Qianhan), Treatise on Geography: Located in Wuling Commandery. Also used interchangeably with chan (steep). Sima Xiangru, Rhapsody on the Great Man (Daren Fu): Galloping freely over steep mountain cliffs. Commentary: Chan-yan refers to jagged rock formations. Su Shi, Poem: Lifting robes to walk along steep mountain cliffs. Commentary: The forehead of a mountain is called yan.