Chen Collection, Middle Volume. Radical: Tree (mù). Kangxi stroke count: 9. Page 518, Entry 08. Tang Dynasty Rhyme Dictionary (Tangyun), Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun), Collected Rhymes (Yunhui), and Corrected Rhymes (Zhengyun) state the pronunciation is bing (falling tone). A variant form is written as bing. Explanation from Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi) defines it as the handle of an axe. Record in the Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Winter Officer, Record of Artisans (Kaogongji) states that the Qin region did not have a lu. Commentary notes this refers to the handle of a dagger-axe or halberd. Additionally, vessels such as the jue and dou also possess handles. Record in the Book of Rites (Liji), Record of Sacrifice (Jitong) notes that when the impersonator of the deceased offered wine to the noblewoman, she held the handle of the jue vessel. Record in the Guanzi, Duties of a Disciple (Dizizhi) notes that when presenting an item, the handle should be one foot in length. Also refers to a foundation or root. The Book of Changes (Yijing), Lower Appendix (Xiaci) states that the kun trigram symbolizes the earth and also symbolizes a foundation. Also refers to political authority. Record in the Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan), Twenty-third Year of Duke Xiang notes that one who possesses the authority over wealth and profit also holds the power to govern the people. Additionally, the Han Feizi, Two Handles Chapter (Er bing pian) mentions the two handles of authority are reward and punishment. Also the name of a mountain. The Classic of Mountains and Seas (Shanhaijing) records Mount Bing, where jade is abundant. Also used interchangeably with the character fang. See the entry for fang for detailed notes. Also used interchangeably with the character bing. For example, the handle of the Northern Dipper constellation. The Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Treatise on the Celestial Offices (Tianguan shu) writes it as dou bing. According to the Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun), the pronunciation is bing (rising tone). It means to hold or grasp. According to the Tang Dynasty Rhyme Dictionary (Tangyun) and Ancient Pronunciations (Guyin), the pronunciation is bing (falling tone). The meaning remains the same.