Chen Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Fur (máo) Kangxi Strokes: 10 Page 592, Entry 41 Tang Rhymes (Tangyun), Collected Rhymes (Jiyun): Pronounced er. Explanation of Graphs (Shuowen): An ornamental object made of feathers or fur. Broadly Refined (Boya): An er is a felt made of hair. Another interpretation is clothing woven from feathers. Another interpretation is an ornament on a helmet. Biography of Shan Chao in History of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu): Gold, silver, felt, and feather ornaments were used on dogs and horses. Annotation: An er is an ornament made of feathers. Pronounced like zhi. Biography of the Southwestern Barbarians in History of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu): Presented gold and ornaments made of yak tails. Annotation: Gu Yewang stated: An er is a decorative item made by braiding hair, similar to the tassels seen on horses or spears today. Chronicles of Wei (Weilue): Liu Bei had a natural fondness for braiding ornamental er, and when someone gifted him yak tails, he would braid them himself. Letter from Zhuge Liang to Sun Quan: The white er ornaments gifted were few and thin, and your repeated declinations only increase my feelings of shame. Records of Remaining Matters in Needlework (Nvhong Yuzhi): The concubine Jiang Wuwei of Prince Xiao Hong of Linchuan was skilled in horseback riding; her horses were adorned with kingfisher feather-decorated halters and pearl netting, jade-ornamented bridles, and metal stirrups. Poetry of Yu Xin: Wearing a golden halter adorned with kingfisher feathers while traveling to the Jiao River. Also an ornament on a hat. Treatise on Carriages and Attire (Yufu Zhi) by Dong Ba: The hats of the Inner Regular Attendants were gilded and attached with cicada ornaments and er tails, known as the Huiwen cap. Also a name for a type of duster. Old Affairs of the Eastern Palace in the Jin Dynasty (Jin Donggong Jiushi): When the Crown Prince married, there were two dusters made of white er. Also a name for a type of brocade. Collection of Translated Terms (Fanyi Mingyi Ji): Douluo brocade, also translated as Yanghua, or referred to as Douluo er. Also a term for a fragrant herb. River Rhapsody (Jiang Fu) by Guo Pu: Raising the white er grass, plucking the purple rong grass. Annotation: Both er and rong are fragrant herbs. Also a name for a type of vine. Essential Techniques for the Welfare of the People (Qimin Yaoshu): Er vine is similar in size to mugwort and is a creeping plant. According to the General Records (Tongsu Wen) by Fu Qian, ornaments made of fur are called er. Thus, any hanging decorations made of silk, feathers, leather, or grass can be referred to as er. This is distinct from the character mao (máo) under the Eye radical. Supplementary Notes to Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun Jianbu): The character er is formed with the Ear radical. It is incorrectly written with the Eye radical and mispronounced as mao, a mistake that has persisted in the story regarding Liu Bei’s fondness for braiding hats.