You Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Cowrie (bèi) Kangxi stroke count: 12 Page 1206, Entry 01 Pronounced er (falling tone). In the Shuowen Jiezi (Shuowen), it means to supplement or assist. Book of Documents (Shujing): The secondary ministers expand the transformation. Commentary: The secondary ministers are those who assist the three dukes. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli): He manages the duplicates of the six codes, eight laws, and eight regulations of the state. Commentary: Duplicate refers to a copy or assistant. Book of Rites (Liji): When riding in the secondary carriage, one bows forward at the crossbar. Commentary: Secondary carriage refers to the spare carriage. Also identical to the number two. Book of Changes (Yijing): One jar of wine and two bamboo vessels of grain. Commentary: One jar of wine and two vessels of food. Book of Rites (Liji): Even if there are two portions, do not decline. Commentary: Two refers to the doubling of meat dishes. Book of Rites (Liji): On the day of divination, he refers to the two lords. Commentary: The number two should be understood as secondary. Also, in the Er Ya (Erya): Secondary means suspicion. Sub-commentary: Secondary signifies a heart that is doubtful and not single-minded. Book of Documents (Shujing): In appointing the worthy, have no divided heart. Book of Odes (Shijing): Do not let your heart be divided. Zuo Tradition (Zuozhuan): Alienating those who are divided. Commentary: This refers to those who are estranged and suspicious of each other; one should take advantage of this to alienate them. Zuo Tradition (Zuozhuan): Later, Dashu commanded the western and northern border regions to serve both him and the state. Commentary: Border regions refers to the frontier towns of Zheng. Dual refers to belonging to two sides. Zuo Tradition (Zuozhuan): The king divided his favor between the state of Guo. Commentary: The king wished to divide his political authority with Guo. According to the Yupian (Yupian), it also means to substitute, to be an equal, or to be a peer. Also a surname. According to the Guangyun (Guangyun), the Records of Later Qin (Houqin Lu) mentions the Northern Wei governor of Pingyang, Er Chen.