Chou Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Mouth (kǒu) Character: Zan Kangxi strokes: 22 Page 215, Entry 16 Collected Rimes (Jiyun): Pronounced jie. Broadly Refined (Boya): Cao-zan, refers to sound. Lu Ji, Poetic Exposition on Literature (Wenfù): Engaging in clamorous and seductive styles. Commentary: Cang says, cao-zan is the appearance of sound. Zan is synonymous with cuo. Collected Rimes (Jiyun): Sometimes written as cuo or cui. Wide Rimes (Guangyun): Cao-zan, the sound of drums. History of the Northern Wei (Beiwei Shu), Account of the Western Regions: The people of Persia call their king Yizan. Collected Rimes (Jiyun): Pronounced za. Refers to abundant sound. Categorized Chapters (Leipian): Pronounced zan. To ridicule. Collected Rimes (Jiyun): Written as zan. Collected Rimes (Jiyun): Pronounced can. The same as can. To swallow. Corrected Rimes (Zhengyun): The same as zan (to assist or praise). Xunzi, Exhortation to Learning (Quanxue Pian): To ask one question but receive two answers is called zan. Commentary: Zan is the character for praise, meaning to use words to forcefully assist or support. Categorized Chapters (Leipian): Pronounced zan. To mock. Note: Various rime books sometimes write this as zan; all are variant forms. The character is formed with the component jin (jian); it does not follow the component indicating an alternative structure.