Wu Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Spirit (shì) Kangxi Strokes: 9 Page 840, Entry 06 Pronounced yao. Shuowen Jiezi states: Originally written as such. When heaven acts against the seasons, it constitutes a disaster; when earth acts against the natural order, it constitutes a calamity. History of the Former Han (Qianhan Shu), Treatise on Astronomy: Sudden thunder and wind are calamities. Book of Rites (Liji), Treatise on Music: Treachery and falsehood do not sprout, and calamities and evil omens lie dormant. Also pronounced yu. Kong Zang, Rhapsody on the Osprey (E Fu): Observing it with joy, examining the classic books. In accordance with virtue, it is an auspicious sign; abandoning the constant, it is a calamity.