Si Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Water (shuǐ) Page 607, Entry 12 Pronounced wāng. According to the Shuowen Jiezi (Shuowen), it means deep and wide. In the Huainanzi (Huainanzi), Shuzhen Xun chapter: Still and calm, silent and clear. In the Biography of Huang Xian from the Book of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu): Shudu was expansive and vast like a lake of a thousand qing. Also, a pond. According to the Tongsu Wen, stagnant water is called wang, referring to the dirty or muddy water of a pond. According to the Fangyan (Fangyan) by Yang Xiong: In the Chu region it is called wang, in the Min region it is called yang. In the Zuo Commentary (Zuo Zhuan), 15th year of Duke Huan: Ji Zhong killed Yong Jiu and exposed his corpse at the pond of the Zhou family. Also, the appearance of being large. In the Jin Yu (Jinyu): Wang is this earth. Also, in the work Imitating the Chu Ci by Yang Wanli: Leaving it in the wang of Zhurong. The commentary states this refers to the Southern Sea. Also, the name of a river. In the Commentary on the Classic of Waterways (Shuijing Zhu): The Huang River is also called the Wang River; it joins the Wei River and reaches Pei, where it enters the Si River. Also, a surname. According to the Guangyun (Guangyun): Descendants of the Wangmang clan. According to the Xingyuan (Xingyuan): People from Xinan. Pronounced wǎng. In the Treatise on Administrative Divisions from the Book of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu): Wangtao, the name of a county. Belonged to Yanmen. In the Treatise of the Former Han (Hanshu), it is written as a variant form. Pronounced wàng. Stagnant, foul-smelling water. It is sometimes written with the cliff radical as a variant form, or with the distorted character component as a variant form. Pronounced hóng. Same as hong. The appearance of water. In the Shuowen (Shuowen), it is written as a variant form. Textual research: In the Biography of Huang Xian from the Book of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu), the phrase was corrected from "thousand qing of slopes" to "thousand qing of waves" to match the original text. In the Zuo Commentary (Zuo Zhuan), 15th year of Duke Huan, the name Cai Zhong was corrected to Ji Zhong to match the original text.