Xu Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Head (yè) Kangxi Strokes: 13 Page 1401, Entry 04 Pronounced wan (level tone). Shuowen Jiezi (Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters): A skull. Derived from the radical for head, with yuan serving as the phonetic component. Yupian (Jade Chapters): Dull-witted. Guangyun (Broad Rhymes): Stupid. Yunhui (Collection of Rhymes): Foolish. Book of Documents (Shangshu): A father who is foolish and stubborn, a mother who is treacherous. Zuo Tradition (Zuo Zhuan): To be internally uncompliant with the principles of virtue is called being stubborn. Also a personal name. Zuo Tradition (Zuo Zhuan): The people of Zheng established Kunwan as their ruler. Commentary: Kunwan was the son of Duke Cheng of Zheng. Also, in ancient times it rhymed with the wen category, pronounced qun (level tone), sounding the same as the word for a carriage cover. Su Shi, Eulogy for Han Qi: Extending a hand to save the drowning, hoping to achieve benevolence. Little did I know it would be of no use, and as I grow older, I become increasingly dull and stubborn. Also, in ancient times it rhymed with the yuan category, pronounced juan (level tone), sounding the same as the word for a trickle. Bai Juyi, Poem on Wuzhen Temple: When wandering through mountains and waters, one can indulge in being idle and unconstrained. The wild deer sheds its tether, walking without restraint.