Yin Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Roof (mián) 審; Kangxi strokes: 15; Page 291, Entry 22 The ancient script form is written as 宷. Tang Rhyme (Tangyun), Collection Rhyme (Jiyun), Rhyme Compilation (Yunhui), and Orthodox Rhymes (Zhengyun) indicate the pronunciation as shen (third tone), which is the same as the word for aunt. Explaining Characters (Shuowen Jiezi) interprets it as: to be thorough and clear. The original character is 宷, composed of roof and discern. Xu Xuan says: Roof represents covering, and discern represents distinguishing. Combined, they signify the ability to cover comprehensively and distinguish deeply. Now, based on the seal script, it is written as 審. Added Rhymes (Zengyun) interprets it as: detailed, to investigate deeply. Book of Documents (Shangshu), Sayings of Yue (Shuoming) records: Thereupon, one must study the dream images in detail, and have someone seek them widely throughout the world according to the likeness. The Doctrine of the Mean (Zhongyong) states: One must inquire in detail. Book of Rites (Liji), Record of Music (Yueji) states: Distinguish sounds to understand tones, distinguish tones to understand music, distinguish music to understand politics, and thus the method of governing a country is complete. Also, Book of Rites (Liji), Monthly Ordinances (Yueling) states: Examine and record the auspicious or inauspicious nature of the divination signs. The commentary says: This means to examine and record. Also, Zhuangzi, Xu Wugui states: That water relies on land is certain, that a shadow relies on a person is certain, and that a thing relies on another thing is certain. The commentary of Guo Xiang says: If one does not act deliberately, one rests in one's own nature, thus it can be certain. The commentary of Xunben says: This means these principles rely on each other and have never separated, just as water relies on land, a shadow relies on a person, and a thing relies on another thing; it is certain and does not change. Also, all interrogations of legal cases are called shen. Book of Documents (Shangshu), Marquis of Lu on Punishments (Lüxing) states: One must verify them in detail. It also has the meaning of a bundle. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Earth Office, Feather Master (Yuren) records: Ten feathers are called one shen. The commentary says: The ancients collected feathers to use as decorations for banners and materials for bows and arrows. Shen means a bundle. It is also a surname. In the Han dynasty, there was Shen Shiqi. Orthodox Character Dictionary (Zhengzitong) records: Han dynasty court gentleman Shen Zhong submitted a memorial to expose the crimes of Cao Jie and others during the reign of Emperor Ling of Han. Also, Rhyme Compilation (Yunhui) says: It is the same as the word for coil, referring to water swirling. Zhuangzi, Fit for Emperors (Ying Diwang) states: Still water swirls and gathers to become a deep pool. The commentary says: Shen is pronounced the same as the word for coil. The text explains: Pan means to gather.