Shen Collection, Middle Volume. Radical: Insect (chóng). Kangxi stroke count: 20. Page 1100, Entry 50. Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun) states it is the same as the character ruan. Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi) defines it as to move. Also, it is the name of a country. Compendium of Comprehensive Mirrors (Gangmu Jilan) notes it as Roufei; Emperor Wu of Wei changed their title to the Ruanruan state. History of the Southern Dynasties (Nanshi), Biographies of the Barbarians, states that the Ruanruan formed a tribe and were likely a separate branch of the Xiongnu people. Rhyme Collection (Yunhui) states it is pronounced ruan (level tone). Exhortation to Learning (Xunzi): To speak uprightly and to move slightly. Commentary notes that ruan means to move slightly. Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun) also provides the pronunciation ru (level tone), describing the movement of an insect. Textual research: In the Exhortation to Learning chapter of the Xunzi, the original text used the character for move to define the character for slightly, which has been corrected to the character for and accordingly.