Wu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Jade (yù) Ruan Kangxi strokes: 14 Page 737, Entry 06 According to the Rhyme Dictionary of the Wide Encyclopedia (Guangyun), pronounced ruan (rising tone). According to the Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun), pronounced ruan (rising tone). It refers to a type of stone inferior to jade. Classic of Mountains and Seas (Shanhaijing): On Mount Zhuang, there is an abundance of ruan stones. Guo commentary: White like ice, with patches of red. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of Sima Xiangru: The ruan stone of the warrior. Commentary: A stone resembling jade. History of the Former Han Dynasty (Hanshu), Sound and Meaning: Ruan stone is produced in Yanmen. Also, according to the Rhyme Dictionary of the Wide Encyclopedia (Guangyun), pronounced yuan (rising tone). According to the Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun), pronounced xuan (level tone). The meaning is the same. Also, according to the Rhyme Dictionary of the Wide Encyclopedia (Guangyun), ruan is a type of min stone, used for jade pendants. Book of Odes (Shijing), Zheng Airs: The green, green of your pendant. Commentary: Scholars wear pendants made of ruan and min, tied with green silk cords. Explanation of Texts: Ruan is written as another variant in some editions. Also, according to the Five Sounds Collection of Rhymes (Wuyin Jiyun), pronounced nuo (falling tone). Refers to land by the water. One source states it refers to fields located beneath a city wall.