Mao Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Hand (shǒu) Page 426, Entry 09 Pronounced bian (falling tone). The original form of the character for clapping hands. Same as the character for clapping hands. In the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it is defined as clapping hands together. In the Book of Song (Songshu), Biography of He Chengtian, it says, singing and clapping hands while on the road. The commentary describes it as the appearance of dancing with the hands. See the note on the character for clapping hands for further details. Pronounced fen (falling tone). A term for sweeping or cleaning. In the Book of Rites (Liji), Section on Minor Rules of Deportment (Shaoyi), it says that sweeping in front of a mat is called pan. The sub-commentary states that pan refers to clearing away filth, while sweeping refers to cleansing. In the Book of Etiquette and Ceremonial (Yili), Section on Guest Rites (Pinli), it says, not presuming to offer the ancestral temple of my late ruler, I have already swept and await your arrival. Pronounced fen (level tone). Originally written as a different character. Also written as another variant. The meaning is the same. Pronounced fan (level tone). Same as the character for flying or turning. In the Expanded Admonitions (Boya), it means to fly. In the Book of Odes (Shijing), Odes of Zhou (Zhousong), it says, truly it is that peach-tree insect, flying as a bird. The commentary states that the bird flying is a large bird. In the Correct Meaning of Characters (Zhengzitong), it notes that the original form was composed of the hand radical and the character for discard. It is simplified as this character. See the note on that character for further details.