Zi Collection, Middle Volume. Radical: Person (ren). Servant (pu). Kangxi stroke count: 14. Page 91. Ancient script form. Tang Dictionary (Tangyun), Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), and Collected Rhymes (Yunhui): pronounced according to the fanqie method of pu and wo, resulting in the sound of peng in the entering tone. Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi): One who provides service. Book of Rites (Liji): Serving at court is called being a subject; serving in a household is called being a servant. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli): The Carriage Servant (chepu) manages military carriages, specifically the wide carriage, the breach carriage, the screen carriage, and the gathering of light carriages. Commentary: The Carriage Servant is the official in charge of providing reserve carriages. Servant (pu) is synonymous with charioteer; gathering (cui) is synonymous with reserve. This refers to providing reserve carriages for use when needed. All five types are military carriages. Also, Minister of Servants (Sipu), an official title. History of the Five Dynasties (Wudaishi): During the Longshuo era of the Tang dynasty, the Grand Protector was renamed Minister of Charioteering, and later renamed Minister of Servants. The Official Rites of Qi (Qi Zhiyi) states that the leader of the various servants is called the Grand Servant (Taipu), who is in charge of carriages and horses. The Ming dynasty system included the Court of the Grand Servant. Also, to drive a carriage is called to serve (pu). Analects of Confucius (Lunyu): Ran You served as the charioteer. Also, servant-slaves (puli), referring to lowly labor. Commentary of Zuo (Zuozhuan): The Earl of Qin sent three thousand people to escort the state of Wei to Jin; these were essentially the servants of order. Also, a term of self-deprecation. History of the Former Han (Qian Hanshu): Referring to oneself as a servant (pu) is a humble expression. Also, to be disgraced. Strategies of the Warring States (Zhan Guo Ce): To convey an order to a disgraced official. Also, a follower. Zhuangzi: Confucius said, this person is a servant of the sage. Commentary: This means a follower of the sage. Also, pu-pu, describing a state of being weary or burdened. Also, to be attached to. Classic of Poetry (Shijing): May the lord live ten thousand years, the great mandate is attached to him. Also, to conceal. Commentary of Zuo: Wu Yu, the administrator of Yu in the state of Chu, said, our former ruler King Wen established the Law of the Hidden Ward (puqu), which stated: those who conceal stolen goods are as guilty as the thief. Commentary: Hidden Ward is the name of a law book. Ward (qu) means to hide; it refers to a law against concealing fugitives. Also, Tiger-Servant (hupu), the name of a beast. Records of Natural History (Bowuzhi): In the Land of the Feathered People, there is a beast with markings like a leopard called the Tiger-Servant, whose fur can be used for brushes. Also, pu-lei, which is a snail. Classic of Mountains and Seas (Shanhaijing): On Mount Qingyao, there are many snails (pu-lei) and slender-waisted wasps (pulu). Commentary: The snail is also called fu-ying. The pulu is a slender-waisted insect, a type of wasp. Also a surname. Pu Peng of the Han dynasty, Pu Dou of the Song dynasty, and Pu Huai of the Southern Ming dynasty. Collected Rhymes (Jiyun): pronounced according to the fanqie method of pu and mu, sounding like pu. Describing the appearance of swarming. Zhuangzi: Mosquitoes and gnats swarm and cling. Also used as a rhyme with the sound of fu. Ode on the Leather Belt (Peiwei Fu) by Liu Zongyuan: Confucius executed the official of Qi and punished Shaozheng Mao, taking gentle benevolence as the ultimate standard. Yan Hui stood upright to rebuke the Qin state; entering into humility is like being a servant.
