Wei Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Ear (ěr) 聻 Kangxi Stroke Count: 20 Page 970, Entry 20 Guangyun (Guǎngyùn) states: Pronounced nǐ. It refers to the appearance of an object. Zhengzitong (Zhèngzìtōng) states: In Buddhist scriptures, the character is used as a modal particle, pronounced nǐ. For example, in the recorded sayings of the Chan school, phrases like "why nǐ" or "when one has not yet seen the peach blossoms, nǐ" all function as lingering sounds at the end of a sentence. Wuyin Jiyun (Wǔyīn Jíyùn) states: Pronounced jī. When a human dies, they become a ghost, and humans fear them. When a ghost dies, it becomes a niè; ghosts fear it. If this character is written in seal script and posted on a door, all ghosts and spirits will flee a thousand miles away. Zhengzitong (Zhèngzìtōng) notes: The character is also pronounced jiàn. It is popularly known as an evil-dispelling charm, with the character treated as the name of a ghost. Youyang Zazu (Yǒuyáng Zázǔ) states: At that time, it was customary to paint a tiger's head on doors and write the character, claiming it to be the name of a spirit from the underworld capable of eliminating malaria and other epidemics. Zhang Xu's Xuanshi Zhi (Xuánshì Zhì) states: When Pei Jian lived in seclusion by the Yi River, a Daoist named Li said: "In the current era, there is nothing better for exorcising ghosts than jian'er." At that time, court officials all wrote the character on their doors. Hanjiu Shi (Hànjiù Shǐ) records: In rituals for expelling ghosts, peach-wood figures, reed ropes, cockleburs, and tiger heads are used; the cocklebur is referred to as the character. Tongdian (Tōngdiǎn) records: The character is the name of a ghost that oversees knives. Jian'er is another name for the cocklebur.