"Nai liao" (乃了) in "Jiyun" (集韵), with the fanqie pronunciation, is read the same as "niao" (褭). 䦊 refers to something long but not hard. Furthermore, the "Zihui Bu" (字汇补) records: "Huananzi" (淮南子) states that one uses a boat for walking in water, and 䦊 for walking on sand. In "Lüshi Chunqiu" (吕氏春秋), 䦊 is written as "jiu" (鸠). Yang Shen says: The character "chang" (镸) is likely derived from "biao" (髟) with some parts omitted, resembling something with hair or feathers. It is probably like the leather shoes worn in Shandong today, which allow water to pass through but not sand.