Chou Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Woman (nǚ) Kangxi stroke count: 10 Page 262, Entry 16 Pronounced niang. Same as niang. A term referring to a young woman. History of the Tang (Tangshu), Biography of Princess Pingyang: The daughter of Emperor Gaozu of Tang and wife of Chai Shao. When Gaozu raised his army, the princess and Chai Shao gathered several hundred people to respond to him and pacify the capital; this army was known as the Niangzi Army. Also, the Horse-Head Maiden is a woman from the Shu region who transformed into a silkworm; recorded in Illustrated Classics (Tujing). Also, Snow-Clad Maiden is the name of a parrot; recorded in Anecdotes of the Kaiyuan Period (Kaiyuan Yishi). Also, Snow-Faced Maiden is the name of a horse. Supplement to the National History (Guoshi Bu) by Li Zhao records: Eight-Hundred Brother, Snow-Faced Maiden, Ground-Sweeping Delicate, and Bit-Holding Servant were all names of horses belonging to Prince Wei Jiji. Also, Red Maiden is a type of wild fruit; recorded in Record of the Former Palace of the Yuan Dynasty (Yuan Gugong Ji) by Xu Yikui. Also, Charming Maiden is the name of a piece from the Music Bureau (Yuefu) of the Tang Dynasty. Also used interchangeably with niang. In later ages, the Empress was referred to as Empress Dowager (niangniang). Longchuan Miscellany (Longchuan Zazhi) by Su Shi: Emperor Renzong of Song referred to Empress Liu as Great Niangniang and Empress Yang as Small Niangniang. Also, colloquially, father is called ye and mother is called niang. Also written as yeniang. Old Music Bureau (Gu Yuefu): One cannot hear the sound of fathers and mothers calling for their daughters, only the rushing sound of the Yellow River flowing. Ballad of the Army Carts (Bingche Xing) by Du Fu: Fathers, mothers, wives, and children run to bid farewell, the dust raised obscuring the Xianyang Bridge.