Xu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Metal (jīn) 鋝 Kangxi strokes: 15 Page 1307, Entry 25 Ancient text Pronounced lie (falling tone) according to Tang Rhymes (Tangyun) and Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun). According to Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) and Rhyme Anthology (Yunhui), pronounced lie (falling tone). The pronunciation is the same as the character meaning inferior. Explanation in Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi): A weight of ten zhu (a traditional unit of weight) and thirteen twenty-fifths of a zhu. Another theory holds that twenty liang (a traditional unit of weight) equals one lue. Records in Little Literary Expositor (Xiao Erya): Twice the weight of a ju (a unit of weight) is called a lue. A lue is also called a huan. Song Xian notes that a ju is three liang, therefore a lue is six liang. Records in Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Winter Official, Artificer's Record (Kaogongji), Metallurgy Division (Yeshi): The weight of a ge (dagger-axe) and a ji (halberd) are each three lue. The weight of a sword is divided into nine lue for the first grade, seven lue for the second grade, and five lue for the third grade. Commentary: Nowadays, in the Donglai region, some people use a large half-liang as a jun, and ten jun as a huan. One huan weighs six liang and a large half-liang; huan and lue are identical. Therefore, three lue equals one jin (a unit of weight) and four liang. Commentary in Origins of the Six Writings (Liushu Gu): Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi) states that ten zhu and thirteen twenty-fifths of a zhu equal one lue, therefore three lue cannot be one jin and four liang. Furthermore, if a ge or a ji only weighed thirty-one zhu, they would be too light. As for regarding twenty liang as one lue, then if a sword weighed nine lue, it would be equivalent to eleven jin and four liang, which is too heavy. This is also incorrect. Huan and lue are both six liang; they are essentially the same character. For details, see the entry for huan. Also, according to Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), it is pronounced shuo (falling tone), with the same sound as the character meaning to lack. The meaning is the same. Sometimes written in a variant form (shuai).