Xu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Metal (jīn) Character: Kai Kangxi Strokes: 18 Page 1316, Entry 18 According to the Tang Rhyme (Tangyun) and Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), the pronunciation is xi (falling tone), identical to the sound of the character for a sighing breath. The Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi) defines this as engaging in battle due to rage. It cites a passage from the Spring and Autumn Annals Traditions (Chunqiu Zhuan): The feudal lords oppose that which the king strikes out against. Note: The current version of the Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan), Year 3 of Duke Wen, uses the variant character kai (sigh). Furthermore, according to the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), it is pronounced kai (falling tone), identical to the sound of the character for a sigh. The meaning is the same.