You Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Speech (yán) Kuang Kangxi Strokes: 14 Page 1161, Entry 26 Tang Rhymes (Tangyun): Pronounced kuang. Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), Rhyme Gathering (Yunhui), Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun): Pronounced kuang. Explanatory Dictionary (Shuowen): To deceive. Jade Compendium (Yupian): To confuse. Book of Rites (Liji), Songs of Refinement (Quli): Young children are constantly observed to ensure they do not deceive. Explanation of Text (Shiwen): To deceive. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Annals of Emperor Gaozu: Ji Xin rode in the king’s carriage and pretended to be the King of Han to deceive Chu. Old Book of Tang (Jiu Tangshu), Biography of Yao Chong: Mutually deceiving one another. Ziyazi, Treatise on Generals: One who is trustworthy and loves to trust others can be deceived. Commentary: To confuse. Also, Collected Rhymes (Jiyun): Sometimes written as wang. Book of Odes (Shijing), Airs of the States: Do not believe the words of others, for they will surely deceive you. Commentary: Wang is the same as kuang. Also, Rhyme Gathering (Yunhui): Also written as kuang. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), House of Zheng: The state of Jin sent Xie Yang to deceive Chu. Explanatory Dictionary (Shuowen): Originally written as kuang. Collected Rhymes (Jiyun): Sometimes written as kuang. Textual Research: Book of Rites (Liji), Songs of Refinement (Quli): Young children are constantly observed to ensure they do not deceive. Commentary: To deceive. The editors have followed the original text of the commentary and amended the Explanation of Text (Shiwen).