Jade Chapters (Yupian) pronunciation given as ji (rising tone), Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) pronunciation given as ji (rising tone), with the same pronunciation as the rising tone of ji. Explanation in Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi): Ji means to sit in a squatting position for a long time. Jade Chapters (Yupian) also explains it as kneeling for a long time. It is also written in a variant form (ji). Additionally, Classified Chapters (Leipian) pronunciation given as qi (rising tone), with the same pronunciation as qi (rising tone). It is the name of an ancient state. The account of Wei Hong considers it to be the same as Qi.