Yin Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Lame (yóu) Kangxi Strokes: 12 Page 299, Entry 05 Broad Rhymes (Guangyun), Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), Rhyme Meetings (Yunhui), Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun): Pronounced jiu (falling tone). Explanatory Dictionary of Writing (Shuowen): Jiu means high. Formed from the components for capital city and the component for outstanding. Xu states: Outstanding means distinct. A place that is outstandingly high is where people gather; a proverb says: Approach it as one does the sun. This is an associative compound. Broad Rhymes (Guangyun): To succeed or to welcome. Book of Odes (Shijing), Odes of Bei (Beifeng): Approach its depths; cross it with a boat, row it across. Book of Odes (Shijing), Odes of Zhou (Zhou Song): Day by day make progress, month by month make advancement; let learning be gathered and brightened in the light. Also: to move toward. Discourses of Qi (Qiyu): When the sage kings placed the scholars, they made them move toward quiet leisure; they made the artisans move toward the government workshops; they made the merchants move toward the markets; they made the farmers move toward the fields. Also: to follow. Book of Rites (Liji), Tan Gong: The regulations of the former kings are ritual. Those who exceed them bow down and accommodate themselves to them. Also: to encircle. Book of Rites (Liji), Vessels of Ritual (Liqi): The grand carriage has one encirclement of woven silk reins. Note: Five colors forming one circle is called a jiu. Also: capable. Zuo Tradition (Zuo Zhuan), 11th Year of Duke Ai: At the Battle of Jiao, Jisun said: Xu is weak. A disciple said: He is capable of following orders. Note: Although he is young, he is able to use his life in duty. Also: to finish. Guo Pu says: Whenever a task is achieved, it is also finished. Also: a surname. Book of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu): The Tu-lai clan changed their name to the Jiu clan. Textual Research: Discourses of Qi (Qiyu): The text originally read "former kings" (xian wang); corrected to "sage kings" (sheng wang) according to the original text. "Leisurely quiet" (yan xian) corrected to "quiet leisure" (xian yan). Book of Rites (Liji), Tan Gong: The text originally read "those who exceed, make them bow down and accommodate themselves to them" (guo zhe, shi fu er jiu zhi); corrected to "those who exceed them bow down and accommodate themselves to them" (guo zhi zhe fu er jiu zhi) according to the original text. Zuo Tradition (Zuo Zhuan), 11th Year of Duke Ai: The text originally read "Battle of Qing" (qing zhi zhan); corrected to "Battle of Jiao" (jiao zhi zhan) according to the original text.