Xu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Metal (jīn) 鍰 Kangxi strokes: 17 Page 1315, Entry 08 Tang Rhymes (Tangyun): Pronounced huan. Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), Rhyme Compendium (Yunhui), and Orthodox Rhymes (Zhengyun): Pronounced huan. Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen): A weight unit equivalent to a lue. Jade Chapters (Yupian): Equivalent to six liang. Small Erya (Xiao Erya): Twenty-four zhu equals one liang, one and a half liang equals one jie, double the jie equals one ju, double the ju equals one lue, which is called a huan. Song Xian stated: One ju is three liang, one huan is six liang. Classic of History (Shujing), Chapter on Marquis of Lu (Lü Xing): The penalty is one hundred huan. Commentary: Six liang is called one huan. Huan refers to yellow iron (copper). Explication of Text (Shiwen): Huan is pronounced huan. It is six liang. Zheng Xuan and the Erya express the same view. Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen) states that six lue make one huan. One lue equals eleven and thirteen-twenty-fifths zhu. Ma Rong’s explanation is the same as this. It is also mentioned that Jia Kui stated that vulgar scholars consider one lue to weigh six liang. The Record of the Rites of Zhou (Zhouguan) records that a sword weighs nine lue. The view of the vulgar scholars is relatively close. Sub-commentary (Shu): The Record of Trades (Kaogongji) states that halberds and spears weigh three lue. Ma Rong stated: The lue is a unit of weight. It should be the same as the huan mentioned in the Marquis of Lu (Lü Xing). Vulgar scholars say: Six liang equals one lue, though the source of this is unknown. Zheng Kangcheng (Zheng Xuan) stated: The huan is a name for weighing light and heavy objects. According to the current weighing method in Donglai, two-thirds of a liang is one jun, and ten jun equal one huan. One huan weighs six and two-thirds liang. It seems that the huan and lue are the same. Alternatively, there is a common saying that ten jun equal one huan, and two huan and four jun are equivalent to one jin. Calculated this way, one huan weighs six and two-thirds liang. The Rites of Zhou (Zhouli) refers to the huan as a lue. According to Zheng Kangcheng, one huan weighs six liang, which is more than what Kong Anguo and Wang Su stated, with a difference of only sixteen zhu. What is called yellow iron is present-day copper. Refer to the note under the entry for lue. Also the same as huan (ring). Book of Han (Qianhan), Treatise on the Five Elements (Wuxingzhi): The copper huan of the palace gate. Annotation: Huan is pronounced the same as huan (ring). Also in Collected Rhymes (Jiyun): Pronounced huan. Also in Five Sounds Collected Rhymes (Wuyin Jiyun): Pronounced yuan. The meaning is the same. Also in Rhyme Supplement (Yunbu): Rhymes with xuan. Su Shi, Poem of Yuehua Temple: Why does the Lord of Heaven not pity himself, sending one hundred yi and a thousand huan to the court at dusk. Textual Research: Book of History (Shujing), Marquis of Lu (Lü Xing): The penalty is one hundred huan. Explication of Text (Shiwen): Huan is pronounced huan. It is six liang. Zheng and the Erya agree. Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen) says it is six lue. One lue is eleven and thirteen-twenty-fifths zhu. Ma says: Adjusting the original text, Ma agrees.