[Ancient form] Tang Rhyme (Tangyun), Collection Rhyme (Jiyun), Rhyme Meetings (Yunhui), Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun): Pronounced fen (rising tone). Shuowen (Explaining Characters): A grave. Book of Rites (Liji), Tan Gong: In ancient times, graves were not mounded. Commentary: That which is mounded high with earth is called a fen. Hengshan Gazetteer (Hengshan Zhi): During the time of King Ling of Chu, Mount Heng collapsed, and the grave of Zhurong was destroyed, containing the Nine Heads Map of Yingqiu. Zhang Heng, Thinking Rhapsody (Si Fu): Saw the collapsed grave of the Youli clan. Commentary: Youli refers to Zhurong. Also, a place by the water is called a fen, referring to a large dike used to block water. Poetry Commentary (Shi Zhuan): When King Zhou of Shang was without virtue, the Shang people longed for King Wen of Zhou and submitted to him, composing the poem Ru Fen (The Dike of the Ru River). Also, White Tiger Hall Discussions (Baihu Tong): Three Fen means to divide. It discusses the separation of the three powers of Heaven, Earth, and Man, and represents the beginning of the principles of Heaven, Earth, and Man. Kong Anguo, Book of Documents Preface (Shangshu Xu): The books of Fuxi, Shennong, and the Yellow Emperor are called the Three Fen, which expound upon great principles. Zuo Tradition (Zuo Zhuan), Thirteenth Year of Duke Zhao: The left historian Yixiang was a man who could read ancient books such as the Three Fen, Five Canons (Wudian), Eight Cords (Basuo), and Nine Hills (Jiuqiu). Also, great. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Autumn Official: The Superintendent of Brightness provides grave torches (a type of large torch). Also, the same as the character fen (a monster). Discourses of the States (Luyu): A monster in the earth is called a fen sheep. Also, Guang Rhyme (Guangyun), Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun): Pronounced fen (falling tone). Refers to soil that is fertile and rich. Book of Documents (Shu), Tribute of Yu (Yu Gong): White fen soil, black fen soil, red clay fen soil. See the detailed commentary under the entry for the character Earth (tu). Also, Collection Rhyme (Jiyun): Pronounced ben (falling tone). Refers to soil rising up as if boiling. Zuo Tradition (Zuo Zhuan), Fourth Year of Duke Xi: When Duke Xi of Lu sacrificed to the Earth God, the earth rose up. Textual Research: In Rites of Zhou, Spring Official, the Superintendent of Brightness provides grave torches. Note: According to the original text, Spring Official should be corrected to Autumn Official.