Si Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Water (shuǐ) Entry: Pen Kangxi strokes: 17 Page 654, Entry 25 According to Tang Rhymes (Tangyun), Collection Rhymes (Jiyun), and Rhyme Compilation (Yunhui), the pronunciation is fen. According to Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen), it refers to a riverbank. In the Book of Odes (Shijing), Great Odes: Spreading out along the banks of the Huai River. Also, in the Erya, Explaining Waters: When the Ru River flows, it is called a pen. Note: The name for a small stream formed when a large body of water overflows. In the Commentary on the Water Classic (Shuijingzhu): The Ru River passes to the northwest of the Qiluo walled city, and the Pen River emerges from it. Additionally, according to Extensive Rhymes (Guangyun) and Collection Rhymes (Jiyun), the pronunciation is pen. It refers to squirting water. It is commonly written as the variant form for spray. Also, according to the Jade Chapters (Yupian), Collection Rhymes (Jiyun), Rhyme Compilation (Yunhui), and Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun), the pronunciation is fen. It refers to gushing water. In the Commentary of Gongyang (Gongyangzhuan), Year 5 of Duke Zhao: What is a pen spring? It is a straight spring. What is a straight spring? It is a gushing spring. Also, in the departing tone: In the poetry of Du Fu: Skimming the whirlpools and brushing the gushing currents without obstruction. Note: In modern Sichuan dialect, both the terms for whirlpool and gushing are in the departing tone. Note: The character is formed with the phonetic component for fen, which contains thirteen strokes. The Correct Record of Characters (Zhengzitong) mistakenly places this entry under the twelve-stroke section; this has now been corrected.