[Archaic Script] Broad Rhymes (Guangyun), Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun), Rhyme Meetings (Yunhui), and Orthodox Rhymes (Zhengyun). Pronounced fen (falling tone). Refers to filth or waste. Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan), twenty-eighth year of Duke Xi: Rong Ji says, this is waste soil. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of Commodity Producers: Sell precious goods as if they were waste soil. Also refers to managing or piling up soil. Book of Rites (Liji), Monthly Ordinances (Yueling): One may fertilize the fields. Commentary (Shu): Refers to piling soil around the roots of crops. Xunzi, On Retired Scholars: Tree leaves fall and are piled at the roots of the trees. Also refers to sweeping. Book of Rites (Liji), Summary of Propriety (Quli): Regarding the etiquette of sweeping for elders, one must place the broom on the dustpan. Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan), third year of Duke Zhao: Zhang Ti sent someone to tell Taishu: Sweep the dilapidated houses of the ancestors. Xunzi, On Governing the State: If the main hall is not swept, then the weeds in the suburbs will not be cleared. Commentary (Zhu): Fen means to clear away. Also pronounced fen (level tone). Means to sweep away or discard. Works of Han Yu: Cleansing the mountains and rivers of the world. Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun): Also written as fen. Rhyme Meetings (Yunhui): Originally written as fen, in clerical script it is written as fen. Also written as fen. Also written as pin, and also written as fen. Jade Chapter (Yupian): Written as fen. Sea Chapter (Haipian): Written as fen. Supplement to the Collection of Characters (Zihuibu): Written as fen. The character was originally written with rice above black, or written as fen.