Shen Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Grass (cǎo) 藩 Kangxi stroke count: 21 Page 1066, Entry 05 Pronounced fan. It refers to a fence. Book of Changes (Yijing), section on The Power of the Great: A ram butts a fence with its horns. Erya, explanation of words: Fan means the same as fan. Commentary: Fan is the fence of a garden or orchard. It also refers to a territory or frontier. Zhuangzi, Great and Venerable Teacher: I wish to wander within its frontier. Also, according to the Collection of Rhymes (Yunhui), it is interchangeable with the character fan. It refers to a protective screen or barrier. Book of Odes (Shijing), Greater Odes: A virtuous man is the barrier of the state. It also serves as a variant for the character fan. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Offices of Spring, Carriage Master: Lacquered carriages have protective coverings. Commentary: Fan refers to modern small carriages, made with lacquered mats. Also pronounced fan. Erya, explanation of grasses: Qian is the same as fan. Commentary: A type of medicinal herb known as zhimu. Also, according to the Supplement to Rhymes (Yunbu), pronounced fen. Han Yu, Inscription for the Tomb of Madam Miao: Some assisted the monarch, others guarded the vassal states. Thus this lady was born, beautiful and renowned. Five Classics Text (Wujing Wenzi): Fan originally meant a hedge or fence, and was also used to mean a screen or barrier; now it is used only to mean a fence.