Pronounced reng (third tone) and li (fourth tone), same pronunciation as "er" (third tone). "To pray to the spirits by offering livestock, hoping the spirits will listen, is called 'dan'." — The Standard Rhymes (Guangyun) and Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) "To use livestock to pray to the spirits, hoping the spirits will listen, is called 'dan'." — The Jade Compendium (Yupian) "When praying to spirits and performing the dan sacrifice, fish are used." — Classic of Mountains and Seas (Shanhaijing) "To smear with fresh blood during sacrifices is called 'dan'." — Annotation