Xu Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Short-tailed bird (zhuī) Kangxi Strokes: 16 Page 1367, Entry 58 Pronounced diāo. According to the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen), it is a type of eagle. It is composed of the radical for short-tailed bird and the sound component zhōu. In the Jade Chapters (Yupian), it is described as a vulture that eats grass. According to the Classic of Birds (Qin Jing), the eagle follows its circuit. According to the Extended Glossary (Piya), the eagle resembles a hawk but is larger and black in color; it is commonly called the black eagle. It is also known by another name, and when it flies, it ascends to the Milky Way. Nowadays, large eagles soar above the water, fanning the surface to force fish out, causing the waves to boil, then they seize and eat them. It is also called the boiling river. In the Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of Li Guang, it is said: They captured one person alive, and he was indeed an eagle hunter of the Xiongnu. Also, in the Xunzi, Treatise on Military Affairs: Distinguished and clear, with high ranks and heavy rewards presented before them. The commentary states: Distinguished means a manifestation of clarity. In the Erya, Explaining Vessels: Jade is referred to as carved. It also says: To carve is called to polish. In the Mencius: One must make the jade craftsman carve and polish it. The Extended Glossary (Piya) notes that the meaning of carve is derived from the eagle, as the nature of the eagle is to carve and control. Also a name of an office. In the Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Winter Officials, Artificers' Record: Carvers. Also, carved foreheads, a name of a state. In the Book of Rites (Liji), Royal Regulations: Carved foreheads in Jiaozhi. The commentary states: Carved patterns refers to engraving their skin and filling it with cinnabar and green pigments. Also used in names. In the History of the Former Han (Qianhan Shu), Table of Meritorious Officials: Marquis of Changle, Chou Diao. Also a surname. In the History of the Former Han (Qianhan Shu), Table of Meritorious Officials under Emperor Wu: Marquis of Zangma Kang, Diao Yannian. Also a compound surname. In the Analects (Lunyu), the Master sent Qidiao Kai to take office. In the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), it is sometimes also written in a variant form.