Pronounced du ji (falling tone) in Guangyun, and ding ji (falling tone) in Jiyun, with the same pronunciation as "di" (emperor). The Yupian explains it as meaning to tread upon. Also pronounced zhang ni (rising tone) in Jiyun, with the same pronunciation as "zhi" (callus). The Leipian explains it as meaning to stumble. Sometimes also written as "躓".