Zi Collection, Page Position: Upper Radical: Roof (mián) Page 94, Entry 01 The Tang Rhyme (Tangyun) states the pronunciation is zui. The Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) states the pronunciation is wai, and it is pronounced the same as the word meaning a bundle of clothes. The Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi) explains it as to block or to obstruct. The character structure is derived from the Roof radical, indicating the sound. The Memorials on Events in Guanzhong (Guanzhong Shizhuang) by Lu Zhi of the Tang dynasty mentions: if there were traitorous officials who obstructed the path. The commentary explains this as the roads outside the border.